Diagrams & Visuals - Lesson 1.2: Stakeholder Mapping & Engagement
Visual Reference Library
This page collects all 9 diagram sections from Lesson 1.2 in one place for easy reference. Each diagram uses the Festa Design System colors strategically: Chicken Comb for high-priority stakeholders, Apocalyptic Orange for secondary stakeholders, Pepper Green for primary stakeholders and validated approaches, Pot of Gold for decisions, and Leaf for positive engagement outcomes.
1. Three-Layer Stakeholder Framework
graph TB
Start["🎯 IDENTIFY ALL STAKEHOLDERS<br/><br/>Who should be involved in<br/>validating your Problem Tree?"]
subgraph Primary["👥 PRIMARY STAKEHOLDERS<br/>Directly Affected by the Problem"]
P1["Who experiences the<br/>problem directly?"]
P2["Who will benefit from<br/>or be affected by solutions?"]
P3["Example Sectors:<br/>• Health: Patients, caregivers<br/>• Education: Students, parents<br/>• Economic: Youth, entrepreneurs<br/>• Environment: Farmers, communities"]
P1 --> P2
P2 --> P3
end
subgraph Secondary["🏢 SECONDARY STAKEHOLDERS<br/>Influence, Expertise, or Resources"]
S1["Who has power to enable<br/>or block your project?"]
S2["Who has relevant expertise<br/>or technical knowledge?"]
S3["Example Sectors:<br/>• Health: Healthcare providers, clinics<br/>• Education: Teachers, administrators<br/>• Economic: Employers, trainers<br/>• Environment: Extension workers, scientists"]
S1 --> S2
S2 --> S3
end
subgraph Tertiary["🌐 TERTIARY STAKEHOLDERS<br/>Indirect Interest or Influence"]
T1["Who has indirect interest<br/>or influence?"]
T2["Who might become<br/>relevant later?"]
T3["Examples:<br/>• Media organizations<br/>• Academic researchers<br/>• International NGOs<br/>• Adjacent government departments"]
T1 --> T2
T2 --> T3
end
Next["➡️ Next Step:<br/>Map each stakeholder's<br/>POWER and INTEREST levels"]
Start --> Primary
Start --> Secondary
Start --> Tertiary
Primary --> Next
Secondary --> Next
Tertiary --> Next
style Start fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A,stroke-width:2px
style Primary fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
style P1 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P2 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P3 fill:#A3D977,stroke:#72B043,color:#2A2A2A
style Secondary fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
style S1 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S2 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S3 fill:#FED7AA,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style Tertiary fill:#F6F6F6,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A,stroke-width:2px
style T1 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T2 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T3 fill:#D4D4D4,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style Next fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
Stakeholder Identification Framework
This diagram shows the three concentric layers of stakeholders. Primary stakeholders (green) experience the problem directly and must be at the center of your engagement. Secondary stakeholders (orange) have expertise, resources, or power to enable solutions. Tertiary stakeholders (gray) have indirect influence and should be monitored. The key insight: start by identifying all stakeholders across all layers before prioritizing engagement strategies.
Where else you'll see this: Understanding Stakeholders
2. Power-Interest Grid (2×2 Matrix)
graph TB
Title["📊 POWER-INTEREST STAKEHOLDER MATRIX<br/><br/>Map stakeholders to determine engagement strategy"]
subgraph HighPowerHighInterest["🎯 HIGH POWER + HIGH INTEREST<br/>MANAGE CLOSELY"]
HPHI1["Strategy: Deep Partnership<br/><br/>• Joint planning & design<br/>• Shared implementation<br/>• Collaborative monitoring<br/>• Regular partnership reviews"]
HPHI2["Examples:<br/>• Community leaders (passionate)<br/>• Department heads (budget authority)<br/>• Established NGOs (similar mission)<br/>• Local officials (constituent focus)"]
HPHI3["Engagement Level: INTENSIVE<br/>Time Investment: HIGH"]
HPHI1 --> HPHI2
HPHI2 --> HPHI3
end
subgraph HighPowerLowInterest["📢 HIGH POWER + LOW INTEREST<br/>KEEP SATISFIED"]
HPLI1["Strategy: Targeted Communication<br/><br/>• Periodic updates<br/>• Advance notice of impacts<br/>• Clear, specific requests<br/>• Respect time constraints"]
HPLI2["Examples:<br/>• Busy municipal officials<br/>• Ministry directors (broad portfolio)<br/>• Partner org executives<br/>• Multi-initiative funders"]
HPLI3["Engagement Level: MODERATE<br/>Time Investment: MEDIUM"]
HPLI1 --> HPLI2
HPLI2 --> HPLI3
end
subgraph LowPowerHighInterest["💚 LOW POWER + HIGH INTEREST<br/>KEEP INFORMED"]
LPHI1["Strategy: Active Engagement<br/><br/>• Community meetings<br/>• Regular updates<br/>• Input opportunities<br/>• Recognition of contributions"]
LPHI2["Examples:<br/>• Community members (affected)<br/>• Volunteers & activists<br/>• Student groups<br/>• Grassroots organizations"]
LPHI3["Engagement Level: ACTIVE<br/>Time Investment: HIGH"]
LPHI1 --> LPHI2
LPHI2 --> LPHI3
end
subgraph LowPowerLowInterest["👁️ LOW POWER + LOW INTEREST<br/>MONITOR"]
LPLI1["Strategy: Minimal Engagement<br/><br/>• Occasional updates<br/>• Monitor for changes<br/>• Broad communications<br/>• Watch for relevance shifts"]
LPLI2["Examples:<br/>• Adjacent sector orgs<br/>• Unrelated government depts<br/>• Occasional media<br/>• Distant researchers"]
LPLI3["Engagement Level: MINIMAL<br/>Time Investment: LOW"]
LPLI1 --> LPLI2
LPLI2 --> LPLI3
end
Integration["🔄 INTEGRATION INSIGHT<br/><br/>Same person can be in different quadrants<br/>for different project aspects.<br/><br/>Reassess quarterly as contexts change."]
Title --> HighPowerHighInterest
Title --> HighPowerLowInterest
Title --> LowPowerHighInterest
Title --> LowPowerLowInterest
HighPowerHighInterest --> Integration
HighPowerLowInterest --> Integration
LowPowerHighInterest --> Integration
LowPowerLowInterest --> Integration
style Title fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A,stroke-width:2px
style HighPowerHighInterest fill:#E12729,stroke:#B91C1C,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
style HPHI1 fill:#F87171,stroke:#E12729,color:#fff
style HPHI2 fill:#FCA5A5,stroke:#E12729,color:#2A2A2A
style HPHI3 fill:#FEE2E2,stroke:#E12729,color:#2A2A2A
style HighPowerLowInterest fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
style HPLI1 fill:#FB923C,stroke:#F37324,color:#fff
style HPLI2 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style HPLI3 fill:#FED7AA,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style LowPowerHighInterest fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
style LPHI1 fill:#10B981,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff
style LPHI2 fill:#6FFFC1,stroke:#007F4E,color:#2A2A2A
style LPHI3 fill:#D1FFE9,stroke:#007F4E,color:#2A2A2A
style LowPowerLowInterest fill:#F6F6F6,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A,stroke-width:2px
style LPLI1 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style LPLI2 fill:#D4D4D4,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style LPLI3 fill:#D4D4D4,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style Integration fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
Classic Stakeholder Analysis Tool
The Power-Interest Grid is the most widely used stakeholder analysis framework. High Power + High Interest (red) requires intensive partnership—these stakeholders can make or break your project. High Power + Low Interest (orange) needs satisfaction through targeted communication. Low Power + High Interest (green) deserves active engagement—they're your champions. Low Power + Low Interest (gray) should be monitored with minimal effort. Critical insight: stakeholders can move between quadrants as contexts change.
Where else you'll see this: Power-Interest Analysis
2B. Power-Interest Grid (Quadrant Chart Alternatives)
Alternative Visualization Format
These quadrant charts provide a cleaner, more compact visual representation of the Power-Interest Grid. They show multiple stakeholders positioned spatially based on their power and interest levels, making it easier to see clusters and patterns at a glance.
Generic Power-Interest Grid
Use this template when teaching the framework or conducting stakeholder workshops.
%%{init: {'theme':'base', 'themeVariables': {
'quadrant1Fill':'#FEE2E2',
'quadrant2Fill':'#FED7AA',
'quadrant3Fill':'#F6F6F6',
'quadrant4Fill':'#D1FFE9',
'quadrant1TextFill':'#7F1D1D',
'quadrant2TextFill':'#7C2D12',
'quadrant3TextFill':'#525252',
'quadrant4TextFill':'#064E3B',
'quadrantPointFill':'#2A2A2A',
'quadrantPointTextFill':'#2A2A2A',
'quadrantXAxisTextFill':'#525252',
'quadrantYAxisTextFill':'#525252'
}}}%%
quadrantChart
title Power-Interest Stakeholder Matrix for Project Design
x-axis Low Interest --> High Interest
y-axis Low Power --> High Power
quadrant-1 Manage Closely
quadrant-2 Keep Satisfied
quadrant-3 Monitor
quadrant-4 Keep Informed
Community Leader Passionate: [0.85, 0.85]
Department Head with Budget: [0.9, 0.8]
Established NGO Partner: [0.8, 0.75]
Local Elected Official: [0.75, 0.85]
Municipal Official Busy: [0.3, 0.8]
Ministry Director: [0.25, 0.85]
Partner Organization Executive: [0.35, 0.75]
Multi-Initiative Funder: [0.4, 0.8]
Adjacent Sector Organization: [0.2, 0.25]
Unrelated Government Department: [0.15, 0.3]
Occasional Media: [0.25, 0.2]
Distant Researcher: [0.3, 0.15]
Community Members: [0.85, 0.3]
Volunteers and Activists: [0.9, 0.25]
Student Groups: [0.8, 0.35]
Grassroots Organizations: [0.75, 0.4]
Nigeria Youth Livelihood Stakeholder Map
Real-world example showing how to map stakeholders for a youth employment project.
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'quadrant1Fill':'#FEE2E2',
'quadrant2Fill':'#FED7AA',
'quadrant3Fill':'#F6F6F6',
'quadrant4Fill':'#D1FFE9',
'quadrant1TextFill':'#7F1D1D',
'quadrant2TextFill':'#7C2D12',
'quadrant3TextFill':'#525252',
'quadrant4TextFill':'#064E3B',
'quadrantPointFill':'#2A2A2A',
'quadrantPointTextFill':'#2A2A2A',
'quadrantXAxisTextFill':'#525252',
'quadrantYAxisTextFill':'#525252'
}}}%%
quadrantChart
title Nigeria Youth Livelihood Stakeholder Map
x-axis Low Interest --> High Interest
y-axis Low Power --> High Power
quadrant-1 Manage Closely
quadrant-2 Keep Satisfied
quadrant-3 Monitor
quadrant-4 Keep Informed
Community Leaders: [0.75, 0.85]
Local Employers SMEs: [0.85, 0.75]
Training Providers: [0.7, 0.65]
Microfinance Institutions: [0.65, 0.7]
Local Government Youth Office: [0.5, 0.85]
State Employment Agency: [0.45, 0.8]
National Youth Ministry: [0.3, 0.9]
State Education Board: [0.35, 0.75]
International NGOs: [0.4, 0.5]
Academic Researchers: [0.5, 0.35]
Local Media: [0.3, 0.25]
Private Sector Association: [0.35, 0.3]
Unemployed Youth: [0.85, 0.35]
Young Entrepreneurs: [0.9, 0.4]
Training Graduates: [0.85, 0.3]
Parents and Families: [0.75, 0.3]
Youth Cooperatives: [0.8, 0.45]
Informal Sector Workers: [0.7, 0.25]
Engagement Strategy Matrix
Alternative quadrant labels focusing on engagement intensity.
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'quadrant1Fill':'#FEE2E2',
'quadrant2Fill':'#FED7AA',
'quadrant3Fill':'#F6F6F6',
'quadrant4Fill':'#D1FFE9',
'quadrant1TextFill':'#7F1D1D',
'quadrant2TextFill':'#7C2D12',
'quadrant3TextFill':'#525252',
'quadrant4TextFill':'#064E3B',
'quadrantPointFill':'#2A2A2A',
'quadrantPointTextFill':'#2A2A2A',
'quadrantXAxisTextFill':'#525252',
'quadrantYAxisTextFill':'#525252'
}}}%%
quadrantChart
title Stakeholder Engagement Strategy Matrix
x-axis Low Interest --> High Interest
y-axis Low Power --> High Power
quadrant-1 Intensive Partnership
quadrant-2 Strategic Updates
quadrant-3 Minimal Contact
quadrant-4 Active Community
Key Partner A: [0.85, 0.85]
Key Partner B: [0.8, 0.9]
Key Partner C: [0.9, 0.75]
Senior Official A: [0.3, 0.85]
Senior Official B: [0.35, 0.9]
Senior Official C: [0.25, 0.8]
Peripheral Org A: [0.2, 0.2]
Peripheral Org B: [0.15, 0.25]
Peripheral Org C: [0.25, 0.15]
Beneficiary Group A: [0.85, 0.35]
Beneficiary Group B: [0.9, 0.3]
Community Group A: [0.8, 0.4]
Volunteer Network: [0.75, 0.25]
When to Use Quadrant Charts vs Flowcharts
Use Quadrant Charts when you want to visualize stakeholder positions spatially and show multiple stakeholders at once. This format is excellent for:
• Stakeholder mapping workshops
• Presenting to leadership teams
• Quick visual assessments
• Identifying clustering patterns
Use Flowchart (Diagram 2) when you want to show detailed engagement strategies and explain the decision-making process. Better for:
• Training on stakeholder analysis
• Detailed engagement planning
• Understanding strategy rationale
• Process documentation
• Stakeholder mapping workshops
• Presenting to leadership teams
• Quick visual assessments
• Identifying clustering patterns
Use Flowchart (Diagram 2) when you want to show detailed engagement strategies and explain the decision-making process. Better for:
• Training on stakeholder analysis
• Detailed engagement planning
• Understanding strategy rationale
• Process documentation
Calming Festa Color Strategy
Quadrant 1 (Soft Red #FEE2E2): High Power + High Interest = Manage Closely
Quadrant 2 (Soft Orange #FED7AA): High Power + Low Interest = Keep Satisfied
Quadrant 3 (Light Gray #F6F6F6): Low Power + Low Interest = Monitor
Quadrant 4 (Soft Green #D1FFE9): Low Power + High Interest = Keep Informed
These calming, muted tints maintain Festa's color family associations while reducing visual stress. Deep text colors (#7F1D1D, #7C2D12, #525252, #064E3B) ensure excellent readability on soft backgrounds.
Quadrant 2 (Soft Orange #FED7AA): High Power + Low Interest = Keep Satisfied
Quadrant 3 (Light Gray #F6F6F6): Low Power + Low Interest = Monitor
Quadrant 4 (Soft Green #D1FFE9): Low Power + High Interest = Keep Informed
These calming, muted tints maintain Festa's color family associations while reducing visual stress. Deep text colors (#7F1D1D, #7C2D12, #525252, #064E3B) ensure excellent readability on soft backgrounds.
Where else you'll see this: Power-Interest Analysis | Examples
3. Engagement Strategy Decision Tree
graph TB
Start["🤝 DESIGN ENGAGEMENT APPROACH<br/><br/>Based on stakeholder type<br/>and power-interest position"]
Q1{"Stakeholder<br/>Type?"}
Primary["👥 PRIMARY<br/>Directly Affected"]
Secondary["🏢 SECONDARY<br/>Expertise/Power"]
Tertiary["🌐 TERTIARY<br/>Indirect Interest"]
P1["Setting:<br/>Community spaces<br/>Familiar locations<br/>Culturally appropriate"]
P2["Format:<br/>• Open-ended conversations<br/>• Focus groups<br/>• Community meetings<br/>• Informal discussions"]
P3["Questions:<br/>'What does this challenge<br/>look like in your daily life?'<br/><br/>Exploratory, not leading"]
P4["Follow-up:<br/>Share how input<br/>influenced thinking<br/>Build ongoing partnership"]
S1["Setting:<br/>Professional spaces<br/>Their preferred locations<br/>Respect time"]
S2["Format:<br/>• Structured interviews<br/>• Expert consultations<br/>• Advisory meetings<br/>• Review sessions"]
S3["Questions:<br/>'Based on your experience,<br/>what are we missing?'<br/><br/>Can be more analytical"]
S4["Follow-up:<br/>Professional updates<br/>Progress reports<br/>Partnership protocols"]
T1["Setting:<br/>Flexible, efficient<br/>Virtual options<br/>Minimal time burden"]
T2["Format:<br/>• Brief consultations<br/>• Informational meetings<br/>• Surveys<br/>• Email updates"]
T3["Questions:<br/>Focused on their<br/>specific expertise<br/>or perspective area"]
T4["Follow-up:<br/>Periodic updates<br/>as appropriate<br/>Monitor relevance"]
Output["📋 ENGAGEMENT PLAN<br/><br/>Tailored approach for each<br/>stakeholder type with:<br/>• Setting & format<br/>• Question design<br/>• Follow-up protocols"]
Start --> Q1
Q1 -->|Primary| Primary
Q1 -->|Secondary| Secondary
Q1 -->|Tertiary| Tertiary
Primary --> P1
P1 --> P2
P2 --> P3
P3 --> P4
Secondary --> S1
S1 --> S2
S2 --> S3
S3 --> S4
Tertiary --> T1
T1 --> T2
T2 --> T3
T3 --> T4
P4 --> Output
S4 --> Output
T4 --> Output
style Start fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A,stroke-width:2px
style Q1 fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style Primary fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style P1 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P2 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P3 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P4 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style Secondary fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style S1 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S2 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S3 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S4 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style Tertiary fill:#F6F6F6,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T1 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T2 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T3 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T4 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style Output fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
Tailored Engagement Strategies
One size does not fit all in stakeholder engagement. This decision tree shows how to customize your approach based on stakeholder type. Primary stakeholders need community-centered, culturally appropriate engagement. Secondary stakeholders require professional, time-efficient consultations. Tertiary stakeholders can be engaged through flexible, low-burden methods. The key is matching the engagement format to the stakeholder's relationship with the problem.
Where else you'll see this: Engagement Strategies
4. Stakeholder Engagement Process Timeline
graph TB
Phase1["📋 PHASE 1: IDENTIFICATION<br/>Duration: 30-45 minutes<br/><br/>Tasks:<br/>• Brainstorm all stakeholders<br/>• Categorize (Primary/Secondary/Tertiary)<br/>• Add demographic details<br/>• Note communication preferences"]
Phase2["📊 PHASE 2: POWER-INTEREST MAPPING<br/>Duration: 20-30 minutes<br/><br/>Tasks:<br/>• Assess power levels<br/>• Assess interest levels<br/>• Plot on 2×2 grid<br/>• Note motivations & concerns"]
Phase3["📝 PHASE 3: ENGAGEMENT PLANNING<br/>Duration: 45-60 minutes<br/><br/>Tasks:<br/>• Design strategy by quadrant<br/>• Prepare stakeholder-specific questions<br/>• Plan verification methods<br/>• Create engagement timeline"]
Phase4["🤝 PHASE 4: CONDUCTING ENGAGEMENT<br/>Duration: 2-3 weeks<br/><br/>Tasks:<br/>• Execute conversations systematically<br/>• Take detailed notes<br/>• Document insights immediately<br/>• Build relationships"]
Phase5["🔄 PHASE 5: INTEGRATION<br/>Duration: 45-60 minutes<br/><br/>Tasks:<br/>• Analyze patterns across conversations<br/>• Update Problem Tree<br/>• Convert (A) to (E) where validated<br/>• Plan follow-up engagement"]
Check["✅ QUALITY CHECK<br/><br/>Have you:<br/>• Engaged diverse perspectives?<br/>• Challenged assumptions?<br/>• Built trust?<br/>• Documented systematically?"]
Decision{"Ready for<br/>Lesson 1.3?"}
Lesson13["➡️ LESSON 1.3<br/>Synthesize Data<br/>Using Affinity Diagrams"]
Refine["🔄 Return to Phase 4<br/><br/>Engage additional<br/>stakeholders or<br/>deepen conversations"]
Phase1 --> Phase2
Phase2 --> Phase3
Phase3 --> Phase4
Phase4 --> Phase5
Phase5 --> Check
Check --> Decision
Decision -->|Yes| Lesson13
Decision -->|No| Refine
Refine --> Phase4
style Phase1 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Phase2 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Phase3 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Phase4 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Phase5 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Check fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Decision fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style Lesson13 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
style Refine fill:#E12729,stroke:#B91C1C,color:#fff
Five-Phase Implementation Process
Complete stakeholder engagement in 5 phases spanning 3-4 weeks total. Phases 1-3 (planning) take 1.5-2.5 hours of desk work. Phase 4 (actual engagement) requires 2-3 weeks of field work. Phase 5 (integration) takes 45-60 minutes to synthesize insights and update your Problem Tree. The quality check ensures you've engaged diverse perspectives and built trust before moving to Lesson 1.3 for synthesis.
Where else you'll see this: Step-by-Step Guide
5. Question Design Quality Flow
graph TB
Start["❓ DRAFT STAKEHOLDER QUESTION<br/><br/>Convert Problem Tree assumption<br/>into conversation starter"]
Test1["✅ TEST 1: Open-Ended?"]
Bad1["❌ BAD (Yes/No):<br/>'Do you think skills<br/>mismatch is a problem?'"]
Good1["✅ GOOD (Open-Ended):<br/>'What barriers do youth face<br/>in accessing employment?'"]
Test2["✅ TEST 2: Non-Leading?"]
Bad2["❌ BAD (Leading):<br/>'Don't you agree that<br/>X is the main issue?'"]
Good2["✅ GOOD (Non-Leading):<br/>'In your experience, what<br/>are the main challenges?'"]
Test3["✅ TEST 3: Experience-Based?"]
Bad3["❌ BAD (Abstract):<br/>'How important is<br/>entrepreneurship support?'"]
Good3["✅ GOOD (Experience-Based):<br/>'Can you describe what happens<br/>when youth try to start businesses?'"]
Test4["✅ TEST 4: Culturally Appropriate?"]
Bad4["❌ BAD:<br/>Uses jargon or<br/>assumes context"]
Good4["✅ GOOD:<br/>Uses local language<br/>& respects protocols"]
Final["🎯 QUALITY QUESTION<br/><br/>Ready for stakeholder<br/>engagement!"]
Start --> Test1
Test1 --> Bad1
Test1 --> Good1
Good1 --> Test2
Test2 --> Bad2
Test2 --> Good2
Good2 --> Test3
Test3 --> Bad3
Test3 --> Good3
Good3 --> Test4
Test4 --> Bad4
Test4 --> Good4
Good4 --> Final
style Start fill:#F6F6F6,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style Test1 fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Test2 fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Test3 fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Test4 fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Bad1 fill:#E12729,stroke:#B91C1C,color:#fff
style Bad2 fill:#E12729,stroke:#B91C1C,color:#fff
style Bad3 fill:#E12729,stroke:#B91C1C,color:#fff
style Bad4 fill:#E12729,stroke:#B91C1C,color:#fff
style Good1 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Good2 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Good3 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Good4 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Final fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
Question Quality Matters
Bad questions (red) yield superficial or biased data. Good questions (green) generate rich, authentic insights. This four-test framework ensures your questions are: (1) Open-ended, not yes/no, (2) Non-leading, not suggesting answers, (3) Experience-based, not abstract, (4) Culturally appropriate, not jargon-heavy. Each bad example shows what to avoid; each good example demonstrates best practice. Quality questions are the foundation of meaningful stakeholder engagement.
Where else you'll see this: Step-by-Step Guide
6. Stakeholder Insights to Problem Tree Integration
graph TB
L11["📊 LESSON 1.1 OUTPUT<br/><br/>Preliminary Problem Tree<br/>with (E) and (A) tags"]
Questions["❓ VALIDATION QUESTIONS<br/><br/>8-10 questions based on<br/>assumptions to test"]
Engagement["🤝 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT<br/><br/>Conversations with:<br/>• Primary stakeholders<br/>• Secondary stakeholders<br/>• Community leaders"]
Insights["💡 INSIGHTS COLLECTED<br/><br/>• Quotes<br/>• Observations<br/>• Confirmations<br/>• Challenges<br/>• New information"]
Analysis["🔍 PATTERN ANALYSIS<br/><br/>Which assumptions were:<br/>✅ Validated (A → E)<br/>❌ Challenged (revise)<br/>🆕 Revealed new causes/effects"]
Update["🌳 UPDATE PROBLEM TREE<br/><br/>Actions:<br/>• Convert validated (A) to (E)<br/>• Revise challenged assumptions<br/>• Add new causes/effects<br/>• Refine problem statement"]
Document["📝 DOCUMENT CHANGES<br/><br/>For each update, note:<br/>• Which stakeholder insights<br/>• Why the change was made<br/>• Level of confidence<br/>• Remaining questions"]
L13["➡️ LESSON 1.3<br/>Synthesize Data<br/><br/>Organize all insights<br/>using Affinity Diagrams"]
L11 --> Questions
Questions --> Engagement
Engagement --> Insights
Insights --> Analysis
Analysis --> Update
Update --> Document
Document --> L13
L11 -.->|Provides foundation| Analysis
Update -.->|Refined tree feeds| L13
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style Questions fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style Engagement fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Insights fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style Analysis fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Update fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Document fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style L13 fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
Bridging Research and Community Wisdom
This diagram shows how Lesson 1.2 bridges Lesson 1.1 (Problem Tree) and Lesson 1.3 (Synthesis). Your preliminary Problem Tree's assumptions (A) become validation questions. Stakeholder conversations generate insights that either confirm, challenge, or expand your understanding. Pattern analysis determines which assumptions become evidence (A → E), which need revision, and what new causes/effects stakeholders revealed. The refined Problem Tree then feeds into Lesson 1.3's synthesis process.
Where else you'll see this: This diagram appears on the lesson index page
7. Stakeholder Engagement Process Flow (Detailed)
graph TB
Start["🎯 BEGIN ENGAGEMENT"]
Prep1["📋 PREPARATION<br/><br/>• Confirm logistics<br/>• Send prep materials<br/>• Review stakeholder background<br/>• Prepare questions"]
Prep2["🤝 BUILD RAPPORT<br/><br/>• Start with context explanation<br/>• Express gratitude<br/>• Set comfortable tone<br/>• Explain how input will be used"]
Engage1["💬 ASK QUESTIONS<br/><br/>• Use prepared questions as guide<br/>• Don't follow script rigidly<br/>• Listen actively<br/>• Ask follow-up probes"]
Engage2["📝 TAKE NOTES<br/><br/>• Record key quotes<br/>• Note body language/emphasis<br/>• Ask permission to record<br/>• Capture unexpected insights"]
Close["🙏 CLOSE CONVERSATION<br/><br/>• Thank participant<br/>• Ask for additional contacts<br/>• Clarify follow-up process<br/>• Provide contact information"]
Doc1["📊 IMMEDIATE DOCUMENTATION<br/><br/>Within 24 hours:<br/>• Transcribe notes<br/>• Highlight key insights<br/>• Note surprises<br/>• Record questions raised"]
Doc2["🏷️ TAG INSIGHTS<br/><br/>Mark each insight:<br/>• Which Problem Tree element<br/>• Validates (A) or challenges<br/>• New information<br/>• Follow-up needed"]
Review["🔄 REVIEW PROGRESS<br/><br/>After each conversation:<br/>• What patterns emerging?<br/>• What contradictions?<br/>• Who else to engage?<br/>• Any urgent issues?"]
Decision{"More<br/>stakeholders<br/>to engage?"}
Next["➡️ Engage Next<br/>Stakeholder"]
Synthesize["🧩 MOVE TO SYNTHESIS<br/><br/>Lesson 1.3:<br/>Organize all insights<br/>with Affinity Diagrams"]
Start --> Prep1
Prep1 --> Prep2
Prep2 --> Engage1
Engage1 --> Engage2
Engage2 --> Close
Close --> Doc1
Doc1 --> Doc2
Doc2 --> Review
Review --> Decision
Decision -->|Yes| Next
Decision -->|No| Synthesize
Next --> Prep1
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style Prep1 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Prep2 fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Engage1 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style Engage2 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style Close fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Doc1 fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style Doc2 fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style Review fill:#F8CC1B,stroke:#CA8A04,color:#2A2A2A
style Decision fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff
style Next fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff
style Synthesize fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
Complete Engagement Workflow
This detailed workflow shows the complete cycle for each stakeholder conversation. Green stages are preparation and execution (rapport, questions, notes, closing). Orange stages are immediate documentation and tagging (within 24 hours—critical for memory accuracy). Yellow review stage identifies patterns and next stakeholders. The loop continues until you've engaged sufficient diversity of perspectives, then you move to Lesson 1.3 for synthesis.
Where else you'll see this: Step-by-Step Guide
8. Nigeria Youth Livelihood Stakeholder Ecosystem
graph TB
Problem["🌳 CORE PROBLEM<br/><br/>Young adults aged 18-25 in rural<br/>communities have limited access to<br/>decent employment opportunities"]
subgraph Primary["👥 PRIMARY STAKEHOLDERS (Directly Affected)"]
P1["Unemployed Youth<br/>Ages 18-25<br/><br/>Engagement: Focus groups,<br/>community meetings"]
P2["Young Entrepreneurs<br/>Informal sector<br/><br/>Engagement: Individual interviews,<br/>business site visits"]
P3["Recent Training Graduates<br/>Vocational programs<br/><br/>Engagement: Graduate surveys,<br/>follow-up interviews"]
P4["Parents & Families<br/>Supporting youth<br/><br/>Engagement: Family group<br/>discussions"]
end
subgraph Secondary["🏢 SECONDARY STAKEHOLDERS (Expertise/Power)"]
S1["Local Employers<br/>SMEs, cooperatives<br/><br/>Engagement: Employer focus groups,<br/>needs assessments"]
S2["Training Providers<br/>Vocational schools<br/><br/>Engagement: Institution visits,<br/>curriculum reviews"]
S3["Community Leaders<br/>Village chiefs, elders<br/><br/>Engagement: Key informant<br/>interviews"]
S4["Local Government<br/>Youth & employment offices<br/><br/>Engagement: Official consultations,<br/>policy reviews"]
S5["Microfinance Institutions<br/>Community banks<br/><br/>Engagement: Partnership meetings,<br/>program reviews"]
end
subgraph Tertiary["🌐 TERTIARY STAKEHOLDERS (Indirect Interest)"]
T1["National Youth Ministry<br/>Policy level<br/><br/>Engagement: Policy briefs,<br/>quarterly updates"]
T2["International NGOs<br/>Similar programs<br/><br/>Engagement: Peer learning<br/>exchanges"]
T3["Academic Researchers<br/>Youth employment studies<br/><br/>Engagement: Research<br/>partnerships"]
end
Output["📋 ENGAGEMENT PLAN<br/><br/>• 45 stakeholders consulted<br/>• 8 stakeholder categories<br/>• Multiple validation methods<br/>• 2-3 week timeline"]
Problem --> Primary
Problem --> Secondary
Problem --> Tertiary
P1 --> Output
P2 --> Output
P3 --> Output
P4 --> Output
S1 --> Output
S2 --> Output
S3 --> Output
S4 --> Output
S5 --> Output
T1 --> Output
T2 --> Output
T3 --> Output
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style Primary fill:#007F4E,stroke:#00b369,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
style P1 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P2 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P3 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style P4 fill:#72B043,stroke:#5b7c37,color:#fff
style Secondary fill:#F37324,stroke:#EA580C,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
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style S3 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S4 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style S5 fill:#FDBA74,stroke:#F37324,color:#2A2A2A
style Tertiary fill:#F6F6F6,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A,stroke-width:2px
style T1 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T2 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style T3 fill:#E5E5E5,stroke:#737373,color:#2A2A2A
style Output fill:#72B043,stroke:#007F4E,color:#fff,stroke-width:3px
Complete Stakeholder Ecosystem Example
This example applies the stakeholder framework to the Nigeria Youth Livelihood case from Lesson 1.1. Notice the comprehensive ecosystem: 4 primary stakeholder groups (green) who experience unemployment directly, 5 secondary groups (orange) with expertise and power, and 3 tertiary groups (gray) with indirect interest. Each stakeholder has a specific engagement method tailored to their relationship with the problem. This resulted in 45 stakeholders consulted over 2-3 weeks—a realistic scope for community-grounded project design.
Where else you'll see this: Examples
How to Use These Diagrams
📚 For Learning
- • Start with Diagram 1 (Three-Layer Framework) to understand stakeholder categories
- • Study Diagram 2 (Power-Interest Grid) before mapping your stakeholders
- • Reference Diagram 3 (Engagement Strategy) to customize approaches
- • Use Diagram 8 (Nigeria Example) as a concrete reference point
🛠️ For Implementation
- • Print Diagram 2 (Power-Interest Grid) to plot stakeholders on paper
- • Use Diagram 5 (Question Design) to test each validation question
- • Follow Diagram 7 (Detailed Process Flow) during field work
- • Reference Diagram 6 (Integration) when updating Problem Tree
Color System Guide
Festa Design System Colors Have Strategic Meaning:
🔴 Chicken Comb (Red) = High-priority stakeholders (High Power/High Interest)
🟠 Apocalyptic Orange = Secondary stakeholders, moderate priority, documentation phase
🟢 Pepper Green (Dark) = Primary stakeholders, engagement execution, validated insights
🟡 Pot of Gold (Yellow) = Decision points, quality checks, review stages
🌿 Leaf (Light Green) = Positive outcomes, successful engagement, synthesis readiness
🔴 Chicken Comb (Red) = High-priority stakeholders (High Power/High Interest)
🟠 Apocalyptic Orange = Secondary stakeholders, moderate priority, documentation phase
🟢 Pepper Green (Dark) = Primary stakeholders, engagement execution, validated insights
🟡 Pot of Gold (Yellow) = Decision points, quality checks, review stages
🌿 Leaf (Light Green) = Positive outcomes, successful engagement, synthesis readiness
Where These Diagrams Appear in Context
While this page collects all diagrams in one place, they're also embedded contextually throughout the lesson's child pages:
Conceptual Pages:
- • Understanding Stakeholders - Diagram 1
- • Power-Interest Analysis - Diagram 2
- • Engagement Strategies - Diagram 3
Practical Pages:
- • Step-by-Step Guide - Diagrams 4, 5, 7
- • Examples - Diagram 8
- • Lesson Index - Diagram 6